PAUWES Articles
http://repository.pauwes-cop.net/handle/1/171
2024-03-28T16:23:42ZImpacts of Electricity Outages in Urban Households in Developing Countries: A Case of Accra, Ghana
http://repository.pauwes-cop.net/handle/1/443
Impacts of Electricity Outages in Urban Households in Developing Countries: A Case of Accra, Ghana
Nduhuura, Paul; Garschagen, Matthias; Zerga, Abdellatif
Many developing countries in Africa face a “double tragedy” when it comes to electrifica tion. Electricity access rates are low, while those who have access to electricity face frequent outages. There are ongoing efforts aimed at increasing access to electricity on the continent. However, the need to improve the reliability of electricity supply receives limited attention. Unreliable electricity impacts users by limiting electricity utilization and the benefits that should accrue from having an electricity connection. Using data from 496 household survey questionnaires, this study examines the impacts of electricity outages in urban households in Accra, Ghana. The study applies correlation and regression analyses to identify which household characteristics are associated with or predict households reporting outage impacts. Outages were found to impact household safety/security, ac cess to food, and access to social services and were found to cause appliance damage as well. Factors that are significantly correlated with reporting certain outage impacts include respondent’s annual income and employment status, frequency of electricity outages, and household size. Significant predictors of reporting outage impacts are socioeconomic disadvantage, high exposure to outages, and living in a large family setting. The study’s findings underscore the need for interventions to eliminate, or at least minimize, electricity supply interruptions in developing countries if sustainable social and economic development is to be achieved.
2021-06-20T00:00:00ZIntegrating sustainable energies into local government plans in Ghana
http://repository.pauwes-cop.net/handle/1/440
Integrating sustainable energies into local government plans in Ghana
Akrofi, Mark; Akanbang, Bernard
Despite significant efforts to mainstream sustainable energies into national policies, the extent to which such energies are integrated into local government plans in Ghana remains unclear. This study explored the status and factors affecting the integration of sustainable energies in local level planning using the Wa Municipality in the Upper West Region as a case study. Key informant interviews were held with four heads of departments alongside a content analysis of eight policy and planning documents using ATLAS.ti software. The scope of the study covered the 2010–2013 and 2014–2017 development plans prepared by the Municipality and was conducted between May and July 2019. We found that energy-related projects constituted only 1.4% and 1.1% of all the projects found in the 2010–2013 and 2014–2017 MTPs of the Municipality, respectively. The focus on energy in the plans was on increasing electricity access through grid extension, with little attention to off-grid applications and alternative energy sources. We conclude that low priority is given to sustainable energy issues in the local government plans, and this situation is partly attributed to the fact that planning guidelines and national policy frameworks did not explicitly outline strategies for integrating sustainable energies into local government plans. Hence, provisions in national policy frameworks and national guidelines for local development planning significantly affects the integration of sustainable energies at the local government level. We recommend that the National Development Planning Commission should incorporate explicit provisions for integrating sustainable energies into the district/local planning guidelines.
2021-05-01T00:00:00ZDesign and performance analysis of a parabolic trough power plant under the climatological conditions of Tamanrasset, Algeria
http://repository.pauwes-cop.net/handle/1/439
Design and performance analysis of a parabolic trough power plant under the climatological conditions of Tamanrasset, Algeria
Benhadji Serradj, Djamal Eddine; Sebitosi, Ben; Fadlallah
Algeria’s energy demands are tremendously growing, and on the African continent it ranks among the countries with the highest energy consumption. To counter its growing energy demand, the country is progressively adopting renewable energy technologies, although conventional energy technologies still play a central role in its electricity production. The huge solar energy potential in Algeria can be exploited and utilized to meet the country’s growing energy demand with minimal greenhouse gas production. Given that concentrating solar power is viewed as one of the most promising alternatives in the field of solar energy utilization, this study investigates the viability of a 100 MW parabolic troughbased power plant at Tamanrasset, Algeria. The plant was simulated in the System Advisor Model software considering the actual electricity load profile of the targeted location and implementing two different condenser types: evaporative and air-cooled. By comparing the plant’s electricity production to the city’s real load, the plant was in position of supplying about 78% and 60% of the city’s electricity demand during the winter and summer seasons, respectively. The results show that implementation of such CSP plants could play an important role in meeting the energy demand as well as mitigating climate change through greenhouse emissions avoided in electricity generation process.
2021-04-22T00:00:00ZValuation of CO2 Emissions Reduction from Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Projects in Africa: A Case Study of Burkina Faso
http://repository.pauwes-cop.net/handle/1/430
Valuation of CO2 Emissions Reduction from Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Projects in Africa: A Case Study of Burkina Faso
Nono Seutche, Rice Verouska; Sawadogo, Marie; Nkamleu Ngassam, Firmin
Burkina Faso like many other African countries hosts many renewable energy (RE) and energy efficiency (EE) projects that are not registered to the clean development mechanism (CDM), but which could represent potential CDM opportunities. This study seeks to determine these projects’ impact on the level of CO2 emissions in the country, and to determine their CDM potential by quantifying their carbon emissions reduction, using approved CDM methodologies adapted to the projects. 21 RE projects and 7 EE projects were considered, and all proven to be additional. Results revealed that, 68709.424 MWh and 9430.446MWh were saved and displaced by the EE and RE projects respectively annually, accounting for 48157.668 tCO2e emissions reduced annually. This accounts for a 63.12% emissions reduction from the baseline scenario and represents a huge potential for the CDM, ready to be harnessed. The total amount of emissions reduced could generate about 48157.668 Certified Emissions Reduction (CERs) yearly. Considering a carbon price of $10/tCO2e and a 10-year fixed crediting period starting from 2020 would imply a total revenue of $4815766.8 in 2030 from the CERs , which will increase the sector’s attractiveness to investors. Policies promoting the registration of these projects to the CDM are essential to boost the development of more of such projects in the country/ region, which will benefit from the sustainable development the CDM offers, while contributing to the achievement of its Intended Nationally Determined Contributions.
2021-04-20T00:00:00Z