http://repository.pauwes-cop.net/handle/1/80 2026-08-15T13:30:29Z http://repository.pauwes-cop.net/handle/1/497 MAINSTREAMING SUSTAINABILITY IN PUBLIC SPACE: FORMULATING ENERGY STRATEGIES THROUGH URBAN DESIGN IN GABORONE, BOTSWANA PUSO, Thabang Tumo As cities embrace climate change adaptation and mitigation, it has become critical to address energy issues in public spaces in the quest to achieve sustainable urban development. However, sustainability projects in the built environment primarily utilise “techno-fixes” and often neglect the placemaking and socio-economic benefits of responsible energy consumption. Energy strategies are treated as an afterthought that comes as a retrofit in the design of the public realm (Ozgun, 2020). Urban design is defined as the art of making better places for people and public life. It involves a thought process of arranging spaces and infrastructure in the built environment to create functional places for human activity (Abd Elrahman & Asaad, 2020). This study asserts that sustainable communities do not come about accidentally but are thoughtfully created. The current trend in the design of public spaces by built environment experts in Botswana undervalues the usefulness and ability of energy to improve the sustainability of these places. However, if seen as a self-organising state where people congregate to interact and gain knowledge from their environment, the public realm provides a powerful ground to shape and direct society towards a sustainable energy lifestyle (Ozgun, 2020). Through urban design interventions, this study proposes a design framework to rethink energy strategies in the public realm, that address environmental issues relating to renewable energy transition; economic issues relating to cost saving; social issues relating to a vibrant lifestyle; and placemaking issues relating to functionality and aesthetics. 2021-11-16T00:00:00Z http://repository.pauwes-cop.net/handle/1/411 Influence of Social Factors on Energy Recovery Options from Solid Waste Generated in Markets: A Case of Central Division of Kampala OSINDE, Anthony Sub-Saharan African cities have faced problems associated with poor Municipal Solid Waste Management (MSWM) as well as inadequate electricity access. This has brought about several economic, social, environmental and health issues. The organic fraction of municipal solid waste (MSW) is relatively high in developing countries as compared to the developed countries. The development and implementation of sustainable solid waste management system is a viable aspect when based on an integrated and holistic approach. Depending on the purpose of the waste treatment, nature and composition of the waste, there are several integrated systems such as; incineration, landfilling, gasification, recycling and anaerobic digestion technologies. Given the fact that MSW in Kampala city (Uganda) has over 73% organic fraction, this study aimed at determining the Influence of social factors on energy recovery options from solid waste generated in markets: a case of Central division of Kampala. It entailed comparative analysis of energy recovery technologies such as Gasification, Anaerobic digestion, Landfill gas recovery and incineration. The required primary and secondary data from the study areas of Nakasero market, Owino market and Usafi market were collected by use of survey questionnaires, face-to-face interviews, and through direct observation. The results were analysed using Kobo tookbox, and Superdecision software (MCDA, AHP). From collected data, the solid waste from the markets were mostly composed of 36.41% were plastics (bottles, polythene bags among other), 32.04% (spoilt fruit and vegetables), 31.55% peelings (cassava, potatoes, bananas among others). The technology evaluation, the Landfill gas recovery has the highest score of 0.3264 which makes it the most suitable technology option followed by Anaerobic digestion (0.2870), incineration (0.2480) is the third preferred option while Gasification has the least score (0.1384). This appropriate integration of technologies is expected to result into improved sustainability (economically, socially and environmentally) for the entire MSWM system, increase on the energy supply, reduction on the overall GHG emission from the waste, bio slurry for the urban farmers, several employment opportunities and evidence based decision and policy making. This study also further recommends that more emphasis is put in capacity building and sensitizing communities especially market vendors on the value and benefits of proper waste management including the 4Rs (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle and Rethink). Sensitization directly impacts of social wellbeing and behaviour of waste generators and handlers hence facilitating Energy Recovery process as well as enhancing Public Private Partnership. 2020-12-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.pauwes-cop.net/handle/1/356 Mainstreaming Gender in Nigeria's Energy Policies OYESINA, EbunOluwa Atoke Energy is central to development and rightfully women are key to economic development of a nation based on the triple role women embrace daily. About 70% of African women are without access to energy, resulting in a staggering number of annual deaths, with about 98,000 Nigerian women dying from indoor and outdoor pollution. The inclusion of women in the energy sector is therefore vital for poverty alleviation; addition to the energy value chain. This study sought to find out the challenges of mainstreaming gender in Nigeria’s energy policy and equally proposes a conceptual model to overcome these challenges with the appropriate government agencies and organisations playing pivotal roles. This study made use of qualitative approach for data collection via primary and secondary sources. Therefore, using snowball sampling method of qualitative analysis, this researcher explored in detail gender mainstreaming in Nigeria’s energy policy as well documentary analysis method for relevant policies. Based on interviews conducted, primary factors affecting gender mainstreaming include lack of political will, lack of policy implementation, dearth of sex/genderdisaggregated data, lack of sustainability of programmes by government, budgetary constraints, poor feedback mechanism, non-involvement of women in the decision-making process, social and cultural stereotype in terms of specific jobs for women as well as the need for inclusion of gender in the planning process of policies. Amongst other recommendations given by the research, the need to have women included in the decision-making process of policymaking to meet gender needs is vital. Therefore, with the conceptual model applied, an effective feedback mechanism from NGOs, CSOs and Academia can help policymakers critically address gender issues. A strong political will paves the way for appropriate budget allocation, involvement of women in decision making resulting in more gender responsive policies. An enabling environment with the right structures for the Gender Management System can be the spring ball the energy sector requires to attain gender equality and overall accomplish the Sustainable Development Goals 5 and 7 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z http://repository.pauwes-cop.net/handle/1/325 Contributions of Renewable Energy to Sustainable Development in Africa: Case Study of Solar Energy in Rwanda Bamundekere, Gisele Acknowledging the role of energy in human development and considering the current global unsustainable consumption of a depleting and polluting source of energy, there is a need to advocating for sustainable sources energy. The renewable energies are considered as a way forward to achieve the sustainable development and meets the energy needs of the present generation without compromising the needs of the future generation. The objective of this study is to evaluate the contributions of solar energy to the dimensions of sustainable development (SD) in Rwanda with the hypothesis stating that the effective utilisation of solar energy would increase its contributions to the social, economic and environmental aspects of Rwandans. Rwanda is a small and landlocked country with abundant renewable energy sources, and solar energy is one of the existing sources in abundance. Rwanda’s energy mix is dominated by renewable energy mainly hydro and solar energy sources. We assessed the contributions of the existing solar energy projects to the sustainable development of Rwanda looking at the three dimensions of SD social, economic, and environmental. The triangular approach was used, and the data were collected using the mixed research methodology involving quantitative and qualitative research. The major findings are that the solar home systems (SHSs) is the most used solar energy technology for electricity production and is frequent in rural areas. We found that the SHSs are contributing much on the social aspect (Health, Education, and Security), economically, SHSs contribute on jobs creation but is has some challenges first it is found to be expensive where it costs the 11.25 % end-user average monthly income second it has the limited capacity. Environmentally, SHSs are contributing to the preservation of natural resources, pollution reduction and to clean air and water this dimension is not fully known in the rural areas. The solar power plants in Rwanda are doing much better in impacting people’s lives socially, economically, and environmentally but are much more expensive, and in a country with a high density of population the land could be a problem. Solar energy is very much contributing to the sustainable development of the Rwandans is providing an alternative of electricity access to rural areas far from the grid, create job opportunities, giving Rwanda extra flow of money from trading carbon credit while preserving the environment and help the country to diversify its energy mix. 2019-10-01T00:00:00Z