Assessment of Socio Economic Impact of Rwanda Rural Electrification Strategy on Livelihood Transformation a Case Study of Busoro, Rulindo District

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the socio-economic impact of Rwanda rural electrification strategy on livelihood transformation; using a case study of Busoro cell- Rulindo District. The main goals of Rwanda rural electrification strategy have been; Ensuring access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all as part of the sustainable development goals and also affiliated to the African Union agenda 2063. In June 2016 government of Rwanda established Rural electrification strategy with the objectives of the provision of basic solar systems, increase private sector participation, development of mini-grids in suitable locations and the expansion of the Electricity Access Rollout Programme (EARP). The objectives of this study were to assess the social effect of rural electrification on livelihood transformation; to assess the economic effect of rural electrification on livelihood transformation; the implementation and progress of the program, analyze the barriers and sustainability of the program in Busoro cell of Rulindo District. The study used both qualitative and quantitative approaches in data collection. The Stratified random sampling design was used for filling 255 questionnaires from beneficiaries of the program in Busoro cell, 80 for on- grid connection beneficiaries and 175 for off-grid PV solar home system. Purposive interviews were conducted with different local leaders and rural electrification patterns which are REG representatives and PV solar home system supplier companies, and direct observation during data collection was done. This study found out that the program has a positive impact on education, health, security and entertainment for people’s livelihood. This study found out that electricity has improved economic activities in Busoro cell though it has neglecting Impact on irrigation. This study further reveals that people are aware of use and interest of electricity for their household transformation though they still have some challenges for proper use of electricity. This study revealed that the program is well Implemented in Busoro cell with PV solar home system reliable sources of energy in the rural isolated area. However, the study showed some challenges like poverty of peoples, the low voltage of electricity supplied and stealing the transmission equipment. The study recommended that the government should strengthen the infrastructure, promote the housing of peoples in villages and decentralize technological electronic appliances. In addition, the full economic benefits of rural electrification should be exploited in order to have meaningful development. By doing so, the study forecasted stability and guarantee of the rural electrification strategy, and the government target of 100% electricity access of all Rwandan by 2024 may be achieved.