| dc.description.abstract | This study aims to characterize climate variability in Burkina Faso. The data collected for this
research concern daily rainfall recorded in nineteen stations and covering the period 1950-2000.
Statistical tests were applied to analyze rainfall variability. The ETCCDI indices made it
possible to characterize rainfall extremes. The standardized precipitation index was used to
determine dry and wet periods. The results obtained from the analysis of daily rainfall data
show that during the period 1950-2000, rainfall is characterized by an alternation of wet phases
(1960-1970) and (1971-1993) and a decreasing trend in annual precipitation. In addition, the
interannual variability of rainfall is marked by breaks in stationarity in the series. Pettitt's
statistical test shows breaks occurring around 1964-1970 and 1970-1976. There is a severe
drought over the period 1980-1990 with immediate consequences for agriculture and livestock.
Indeed, the annual number of rainy days is increasing only in Zorgho locality while it is
decreasing in the other eighteen localities. The frequency of 50 mm, extreme and intense rainfall
has been increasing since the end of the 1980s, with a rise from 1990 to 2000. The results of
the standardized precipitation index were used to determine the dry (1970-1980) and wet (1950-
1970) periods. The years after 1990 alternate between dry and wet periods.
The Sahelian zone facing major challenges related to water use has been the subject of studies
on the qualitative and quantitative problems of flows at the outflow of these catchment areas.
For this reason, we have worked on five basins (Boromo, Yendere, Wayen, Samandeni and
Dapola) to understand the hydrological functioning of the watershed.
For this reason, a hydrological model is necessary and is becoming an essential tool in the
understanding of the hydrological functioning of the catchment area and in the rational use of
water resources as well as in the fight against natural disasters related to floods. This part of the
study approaches the rain-flow modelling based on the GR2M Mouehli version models. First,
we sought to identify the most suitable optimization criterion that would best reproduce the
observed flows, then we identified the most efficient model on the catchment area. A sensitivity
analysis of the parameters of each model enabled us to identify the most sensitive parameters
and how they impact each model | en_US |
