| dc.description.abstract | This study is being conducted in the Mouhoun watershed, which covers an area of 91,036 km2.
It is located in West Africa, in Burkina Faso. This is an area where the pressure on water
resources is enormous due to high population growth. In addition, the high climate variability
leads to a high variability in the hydrological regime, which hinders the availability of water
resources and strongly influences the management of water resources in the locality. Due to the
problem of lack of data, the Nwokuy sub-basin was used as a modeling area. Two models were
used, namely the GR2M model and the WEAP model. The GR2M (the hydrological model)
was applied to fill the gaps in the historical flow data set obtained at the Nwokuy station and
provided a time series of uninterrupted flows. The model was calibrated and validated for the
sub-basin with a model performance (NSE equal to 56.27 and 67.5 respectively for the
calibration and validation periods) and a coefficient of determination equal to 0.37 and 0.67
respectively in calibration and validation over the period 1989-2013. The flow thus generated
has a certain degree of uncertainty that should not be overlooked, but it is reasonable to use it
in view of the acceptable performance of the hydrological model. With the WEAP model, four
scenarios were created, the minimum flow, the average flow, the maximum flow and the
Samendeni scenario (which takes into account the existence of the Samendeni dam). The
Samendeni flow scenario considers that in a deficit year, the existence of the dam could reduce
the river flow by 50%. It is therefore important to know the effect that the existence of the dam
may have on the demand for water in the future. Projections have been made up to the year
2100. The application of scenarios using the WEAP model shows that in deficit years as well
as in wet years, water demands for irrigation and domestic use are covered at 100% for
minimum, medium, and maximum flow scenarios. However, a major anthropogenic action
such as the construction of the Samendeni dam could, in the more or less distant future, lead to
cases of unmet demand. The Samendeni flow scenario shows that the water deficit for irrigation
could start in 2080 and the water deficit for domestic needs in 2090. In view of these results, it
is therefore important to come to the formulation of some measures for a good integrated water
resource management in this basin. | en_US |
